play, school, and intelligence

by Bernie on January 27, 2012

Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences has given rise to some remarkable insights and initiatives – almost enough to restore hope for the future of education.

The following, from the conclusion of Playing with the Multiple Intelligences: How Play Makes Them Grow, a research paper by Dr. Scott G. Eberle, Vice-President for Interpretation at The Strong museum of play, published in the Journal of Play (free, online), also reaffirms our belief in the relevance of play to, well, everything. And for those of us who are still engaged in mighty, frequently quixotic struggles to help people make the connections between play, learning and schooling; here are some sharp, well-researched thoughts for your conceptual quiver.

…Play enhances our skills and aptitudes and deepens our talents and capacities by exercising them in concert…And as it happens, studying play has proven key to discovering the ancient connections of mind and body. In fact, we are beginning to understand at the level of neuro-chemistry and neuroanatomy how humans instruct and develop our various talents by playing.

In spite of this revolution, recess withers in our schools, and a scripted curriculum replaces free play. This shift is peculiar since, until about age six, we trust children to learn the most complex human skills such as language, pattern recognition, eye-hand coordination, socializing, and so on—all by way of play.

…Because children learn best when they are interested, curricula should emphasize projects and investigations that spark student curiosity and embrace choices among all the intelligences including activities such as group storytelling, spelling bees, creative-writing exercises, speed sentence diagramming, and debates. Students should write and perform songs, sing in foreign languages, stage dramas, declaim poetry, reenact great trials and battles, imagine counterfactual histories, and compete in geography trivia and current-events competitions. They should play math games, conduct surveys, and count in base two. Teachers and children should engage in film making, designing exhibits and three-dimensional graphics, and solving computer-enabled math games and “braingames.” They should study paradoxes and brainteasers. They should cook, draw, build models, tune a bike, collect insects, and play at a hundred other difficult, instructive, and demanding intellectual errands. Learning, again, “must never be imposed as a task, nor made a trouble.” We should complete the revolution that began in the 1980s as a rebellion against IQ testing. Children should play to learn.

…Play does not merely depend on this kind of sensitivity and mutuality, play fosters it. When the motley, diverse playground crew builds tolerance for give- and-take through rough-and-tumble, it paves the way for a strength that derives from solidarity and understanding: it is easy to forgive a friend. Players hope to prolong the fun. And so by common (often unarticulated) understanding, they agree to sort themselves and restrain themselves. Playful equality figures into their mutual interest. This capacity for sharing play arises in the context of exercising diverse talents through words, sentiments, calculations, actions, tunes, explorations, and visual and spatial representations—the wandering expressions of our ancient endowments, our “multiple intelligences” at play.

“Children should play to learn.” O, yes. O, so very, multiply yes.

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angry fun

by Bernie on January 26, 2012

I was talking with my friend of many years, Brian Sutton-Smith, (many years – he’s 87 years old now, and I’ve known him for about 50 of them) about The Well-Played Game. He was very excited about the book, impressed, even, at how I was championing games and fun. And, he added, what I was writing about was, in his considerable opinion, very different from what most people think of as fun – especially people engaged in national pastimes (you know, sports and war). Very different.

I begged to differ (please, o please let me differ), largely because I have encountered the writings of some leading figures in sport (e.g. Bill Russell) who can and do attest to an experience that transcends even winning, precisely as that described in the title of my book. But Brian was firm in his opinion, adamant, even, that what I had accomplished with my book was something unique, something of great value to children, teens, their parents and teachers, and the enlightened few. But not to most of the world, and especially not to those who loved sports. Sports, he said, were all about “angry fun.”

I’ve written before about angry fun. But Brian was talking about an even angrier fun – the kind of fun you get from, well, hurting people; from, as they say, trouncing your opponents. You know, walloping, beating, whipping, drubbing, crushing, slaughtering, defeating them utterly. That pumped-up, headlong, body-be-damned, risk-it-all, atavistic, basically brutal fun. So brutal that it’s even kind of fun when you get hurt, because it makes you angrier, makes you play harder, deeper, meaner.

This kind of angry fun is fun of a vey important kind. This really angry fun is so prevalent, so familiar, that for many it comes as a surprise that there’s any other kind of fun.

There are many reasons that fun of the angry kind is so fun, and there are at least as many reasons for the anger behind it. It is genuine fun, genuinely fun to give voice and embodiment to that voiceless, disembodied anger that sometimes consumes us. Considering all that, it is saying something about the civilizing influences of our cultures that: 1) our sports are, for the most part, peaceful, and 2) that we have any other kind of fun.

Angry fun is not only pervasive, but also central to understanding the breadth and depth of what fun means. As central as it is to remember that it’s not the only kind of fun.

But, now that I think about it, now that Brian has reminded me that my most important work has come from my explorations of fun of the non-angry type, I see my book, and myself a little more clearly. There’s angry fun. And there’s the kind of fun I teach. Fun of the kinder kind.

Which explains me, this blog, and probably while you’re still reading it.

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Shakers and Shovers

January 25, 2012

Following the success of Toilet Paper Tug-of-War, I invented a more abstract version of the same basic theater game/exercise. This one more theatrical, but also focused on developing and sustaining a fragile relationship. There are two roles: Shaker and Shover. The Shaker is trying to get the Shover to shake hands. The Shover, to keep [...]

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Toilet Paper Tug of War

January 24, 2012

In my earliest stages exploring what would become the Interplay Games Curriculum, before I discovered that children’s street and playground games were going to be the key to the soul of my work, I focused solely on theater games. I had had some wonderful experiences teaching kids improvisational theater and had hoped to bring similar joy [...]

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healing games – a field report

January 23, 2012

I’ve been thinking about you and about play, and have appreciated your posts when I have time to explore them. You may be interested to know that yesterday I started another Social Confidence Games group at South High School here in Bakersfield with 9 students. 7 of them are socially anxious–a couple to an extreme [...]

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Confluence (cont’d)

January 20, 2012

Confluence. Let’s try it again, shall we? You’re at a party. Everyone is having a simply marvelous time. Dancing, talking, nibbling, chatting, laughing, being everso amusing and amused, simply loving each other and themselves. You, on the other hand, are feeling out of it. They’re all so noisy, so self-involved, so insensitive to, well, you. [...]

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Ninja Slap

January 19, 2012

I was first introduced to Ninja Slap at the DiGRA conference by the brilliant and extraordinarily playful inventors of Johann Sebastian Joust. It’s a bit slap-happy in a sometimes hand-stinging way, but I can assure you, it is well worth the minor agony. The rules, via Ultimate Ninja Combat 1. Players form a circle, each [...]

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confluence

January 17, 2012

At the heart of the experience of coliberation there lies another experience, one that even more directly relates to the experience described by Dr. Celia Pearce as intersubjective flow - of being in flow with other people who are also in flow. Csikszentmihalyi explains that as we get deeper and deeper into the flow state, more and [...]

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today I will dance

January 16, 2012

I was predictably curious about a post from Goodlife Zen called “how to have more fun in your life.” I found the advice terse, but worthy of heeding: If you’re considering how to change your life, having fun is an essential ingredient. Remember that ‘fun’ is not a static state of being. To have fun, we [...]

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at play in the city

January 13, 2012

Thanks to Youtube, we have been fortunate enough to witness “urban happenings” like the Mercury Opera‘s performance in the Edmonton IRT and thanks to Penny McKinlay we are able to place gifts like this in their larger context. In her article Random Acts of Urban Playfulness, Ms. McKinlay points us to the Tenderloin National Forest where “Luggage Store Co-Artistic Directors/Artists [...]

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